Performance characteristics of diesel engines
Nov 06,2025
High thermal efficiency: With a high compression ratio, fuel burns more completely, resulting in higher energy conversion efficiency.
Powerful performance: Offers high torque at low RPM, making it ideal for heavy loads and uphill driving.
Good fuel economy: Load regulation is achieved by adjusting the fuel supply, and in most operating conditions, the excess air coefficient (α) remains greater than 1, ensuring complete combustion while reducing fuel consumption by up to 30% compared to gasoline engines.
High reliability: No ignition system, simple structure, low failure rate, and long lifespan.
Emission characteristics: Nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) are emitted in higher amounts, while carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbons (HC) are emitted at lower levels.
Drawbacks: High mechanical and thermal loads, leading to a bulky engine body; significant noise and vibration; and stringent precision requirements for the fuel supply system.
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