The working principle of a diesel engine
Nov 06,2025
Intake stroke: The piston moves downward, the intake valve opens, and fresh air is drawn into the cylinder.
Compression stroke: The piston moves upward, compressing the air to a high-temperature, high-pressure state (temperatures can reach 500–700°C, with pressures up to 3–5 MPa).
Combustion Expansion Stroke: At the end of the compression stroke, the fuel injector sprays diesel fuel into the cylinder in a atomized form. Once mixed with the high-temperature air, the diesel spontaneously ignites, driving the piston downward to perform work.
Exhaust stroke: The piston moves upward again, the exhaust valve opens, and the spent gases are expelled from the cylinder.
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